Verifiable Credentials & Identity Wallets (W3C VC 2.0)

Cryptographically verifiable claims issued by trusted parties and presented via identity wallets, enabling selective disclosure and offline verification.

Overview

Verifiable Credentials (VCs) allow entities to issue cryptographically signed credentials that holders store and present through identity wallets. Verifiers check proofs without calling the issuer, enabling privacy-preserving flows and offline checks.

How it works

  1. Issuance: Issuer signs a credential to the holder’s wallet.
  2. Presentation: Holder creates a verifiable presentation with selective attributes.
  3. Verification: Verifier validates signature, status/revocation, and schema against trusted keys/registries.

Common use cases

  • Digital diplomas & licenses
  • Age or attribute checks
  • Travel & cross-border credentials
  • Land-registry consent and transaction authorization
  • Government service access and digital signatures

Strengths and limitations

Strengths: Privacy via selective disclosure; offline verification; open standards.
Limitations: Interop profiles; governance/trust frameworks; revocation/status infrastructure.

Key terms

  • Verifiable presentation: A bundle proving certain claims to a verifier.
  • Issuer/Holder/Verifier: Roles in VC ecosystems.

Current market signal

VCs are increasingly tied to operational ecosystems rather than only conceptual wallet demonstrations. Bhutan's National Digital Identity work applies credentials to land-registry consent, while idOS reflects demand for reusable identity and compliance proofs across decentralized applications.

References

Vendors using Verifiable Credentials & Identity Wallets (W3C VC 2.0)

Latest Data Cards

  • Data Card

    FaceTec reports UR Code deployments across law enforcement and public safety

    2026-08-31CC-BY-4.0facial-recognitionverifiable-credentialsfacetec

    FaceTec confirmed production deployments of UR Code biometric credentials with New York sheriff's offices and Project Lifesaver International.

    • UR Codes are digitally signed 2D codes embedding identity attributes and a biometric template on physical cards or wearables.
    • They support offline two-party face matching on a mobile device without a database lookup.
    • Deployments cover Albany and Saratoga County sheriff credentialing and Project Lifesaver wristbands.
  • Data Card

    Arizona launches first US digital birth credential with LexisNexis Risk Solutions

    2026-08-26CC-BY-4.0verifiable-credentialsmobile-id

    Arizona deployed what is described as the first US digital birth credential, delivered with LexisNexis Risk Solutions and usable in Motor Vehicle Division transactions.

    • The credential operates through the LexisNexis VitalChek vital records platform.
    • It was deployed with the Arizona Department of Health Services and Department of Transportation.
    • A pilot began at three Motor Vehicle Division locations in November 2025 and expanded statewide by June 2026.
  • Data Card

    OpenID Foundation urges Australia to prioritise credential interoperability

    2026-08-21CC-BY-4.0verifiable-credentialsdigital-id

    The OpenID Foundation submitted recommendations to an Australian Department of Finance consultation urging adoption of open credential presentation and issuance standards.

    • The submission recommends OpenID for Verifiable Presentation and Credential Issuance, alongside OpenID Connect, FAPI 2.0, and Federation.
    • Australia has committed $654.3 million over four years to expand its Digital ID System.
    • The foundation warned against fragmented credential silos.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Verifiable Credential (VC)?
A tamper-evident set of claims with metadata proving who issued it; holders store VCs in wallets and present verifiable proofs to verifiers.
How does selective disclosure work?
Cryptographic proofs reveal only needed attributes (e.g., ‘over 18’) rather than the full credential.
How do VCs relate to government IDs?
They can complement physical documents; issuers (e.g., agencies, universities) issue VCs that can be verified online or offline.
What about revocation/status?
Verifiers check credential status lists or cryptographic status proofs to ensure a VC hasn’t been revoked without contacting the issuer.